A na-akpọ ihe ndị nwere ọtụtụ hydroxyl dị ka spolyols.Ha nwekwara ike ịnwe ester, ether, amide, acrylic, metal, metalloid na ọrụ ndị ọzọ, yana otu hydroxyl.Polyester polyols (PEP) nwere ester na otu hydroxylic n'otu ọkpụkpụ azụ.A na-akwadokarị ha site na mmeghachi omume condensation n'etiti glycols, ntụgharị.
ethylene glycol, 1,4-butane diol, 1,6-hexane diol na dicarboxylic acid / anhydride (aliphatic Polyurethane: Okwu Mmalite 7 ma ọ bụ aromatic).Njirimara nke PU na-adaberekwa n'ogo nke njikọ obe yana ịdị arọ molekụla nke mmalite PEP.Ọ bụ ezie na PEP nwere nnukwu alaka na-arụpụta PU siri ike na ezigbo okpomọkụ na nguzogide kemịkalụ, obere alaka PEP na-enye PU nwere mgbanwe dị mma (na obere okpomọkụ) na obere nguzogide kemịkalụ.N'otu aka ahụ, polyols dị arọ dị ala na-emepụta PU siri ike ebe polyols dị ogologo dị elu na-enye PU na-agbanwe agbanwe.Ihe atụ magburu onwe ya nke PEP na-emekarị bụ mmanụ Castor.Mmanụ oriri ndị ọzọ (VO) site na mgbanwe kemịkalụ na-ebutekwa PEP.PEP nwere ike ibute hydrolysis n'ihi ọnụnọ nke
otu ester, nke a na-edugakwa na mmebi nke akụrụngwa ha.Enwere ike imeri nsogbu a site na mgbakwunye nke obere carbodiimides.Polyether polyols (PETP) dị ọnụ ala karịa PEP.A na-emepụta ha site na mgbakwunye mmeghachi omume nke ethylene ma ọ bụ propylene oxide nwere mmanya ma ọ bụ amine starters ma ọ bụ ndị na-ebido n'ihu acid ma ọ bụ ntọala ntọala.PU mepụtara site na PETP na-egosi oke iru mmiri na obere Tg, nke na-egbochi oke ojiji ha na mkpuchi na agba.Ihe atụ ọzọ nke polyols bụ acrylated polyol (ACP) mere site na free radical polymerization nke hydroxyl ethyl acrylate/methacrylate na ndị ọzọ acrylics.ACP na-emepụta PU nwere nkwụsi ike ọkụ ka mma ma na-enyekwa àgwà nke acrylics na-arụpụta PU.PU ndị a na-achọta ngwa dị ka ihe mkpuchi.A na-eji nnu igwe meziwanye polyols (dịka ọmụmaatụ, metal acetates, carboxylates, chlorides) na-eme ọla nwere polyols ma ọ bụ polyols ngwakọ (MHP).PU enwetara site na MHP na-egosi nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ dị mma, gloss na omume mgbochi microbial.Akwụkwọ na-akọ ọtụtụ ihe atụ nke VO dabeere PEP, PETP, ACP, MHP eji dị ka PU mkpuchi.Ihe atụ ọzọ bụ VO ewepụtara fatty amide diols na polyols (akọwapụtara n'ụzọ zuru ezu na isi nke 20 Mkpụrụ mmanụ dabeere polyurethanes: nghọta), nke jere ozi dị ka ihe magburu onwe ya.
ihe mmalite maka mmepe nke PU.PU ndị a egosila ezigbo nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ na nguzogide hydrolytic n'ihi ọnụnọ nke otu amide na diol ma ọ bụ polyol.

Nkwupụta: Ekwuru akụkọ a © 2012 Sharmin na Zafar, InTech nwere ikike.Naanị maka nkwurịta okwu na mmụta, emela ebumnuche azụmahịa ndị ọzọ, anaghị anọchite anya echiche na echiche nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ibipụtaghachi, biko kpọtụrụ onye edemede mbụ, ma ọ bụrụ na e nwere mmebi iwu, biko kpọtụrụ anyị ozugbo iji wepụ nhazi.